Keeping Warm and Staying Well. Does Home Energy Efficiency Mediate the Relationship between Socio-economic Status and the Risk of Poorer Health?

This paper discusses the findings of two surveys, undertaken in 2000 and 2001, which investigated relationships between home energy efficiency, socio-economic status and respondent health. Data were collected through interviews with an informant from each household and energy surveys. Respondents were drawn from relatively poor households. The main health measure used in the analysis, respondent-assessed overall health, was statistically significantly related to other health indicators, including SF36 scores, the reported presence of limiting conditions and health care behaviours such as visiting the GP. Worse respondent self-assessed health was statistically significantly related to occupational, wealth and income measures of poorer socio-economic status. However, measures of heating satisfaction and sense of mastery displaced the socio-economic measures when they were included in the predictive logistic regression model for self-assessed respondent health. Objective home energy efficiency, measured by SAP ratings, was associated with health in the model independently of the subjective measure. The findings support other evidence that home energy efficiency makes an important contribution to the relationship between lower socio-economic status and poorer health, and document the combined relationship between objective and subjectively measured home energy efficiency and health.     

四川省建筑业发展制约因素及解决措施

分析了四川省建筑市场现状,提出了制约发展的几大问题,包括建筑企业发展不健全、建筑业结构不合理、经营秩序不规范等,并就解决办法提出一些见解,包括提高企业素质、优化产业结构,以及规范市场秩序等。     

安全工作在建筑行业中的作用

从安全与施工工期、技术、质量等的关系入手，分析了安全要素在施工中的地位，从而肯定了安全工作是建筑施工各要素的基础，以使建筑企业获得良好效益，平稳发展。     

基于有限测点信息的大型空间网架结构智能工作状态评估技术研究

针对大型空间网架结构的特点,建立基于有限测点信息的智能工作状态评估技术。该技术是首先通过测量少数网架结构杆件的响应信息,获得结构响应的峰因子;再通过安置在网架结构上的风压力传感器获得结构的荷载信息,采用BP神经网络法和加权荷载本征模态分解法分别精确识别作用在网架结构上的平均风荷载和脉动风荷载;并通过安置在网架结构上的加速度传感器获得结构在环境激励下的加速度响应信息,对结构进行有限元模型修正;然后采用正向演绎的方法,得到整个网架结构的工作状态,根据预先设定的安全级别就能对其进行工作状态的评估。最后,通过该技术成功地应用于深圳市民中心屋顶网架结构的智能健康监测系统中,说明该技术的可行性和有效性。     

钢筋混凝土受弯构件设计变量与裂缝宽度关系的探讨

本文根据砼结构设计规范 GBJ10 - 89有关公式 ,对受弯构件的各设计变量——钢筋及砼材料性能、钢筋直径、梁宽、板厚、受拉区翼缘尺寸等——与裂缝开展宽度的关系进行计算和分析。     

Is the association between temperature and mortality modified by age, gender and socio-economic status?

Background

A number of studies have examined the relationship between high ambient temperature and mortality. Recently, concern has arisen about whether this relationship is modified by socio-demographic factors. However, data for this type of study is relatively scarce in subtropical/tropical regions where people are well accustomed to warm temperatures.

Objective

To investigate whether the relationship between daily mean temperature and daily all-cause mortality is modified by age, gender and socio-economic status (SES) in Brisbane, Australia.

Methods

We obtained daily mean temperature and all-cause mortality data for Brisbane, Australia during 1996-2004. A generalised additive model was fitted to assess the percentage increase in all deaths with every one degree increment above the threshold temperature. Different age, gender and SES groups were included in the model as categorical variables and their modification effects were estimated separately.

Results

A total of 53,316 non-external deaths were included during the study period. There was a clear increasing trend in the harmful effect of high temperature on mortality with age. The effect estimate among women was more than 20 times that among men. We did not find an SES effect on the percent increase associated with temperature.

Conclusions

The effects of high temperature on all deaths were modified by age and gender but not by SES in Brisbane, Australia.     

既有建筑的迫降纠倾

通过改变地基的原始应力状态,根据地质条件、工程对象的不同,介绍了基底掏土、井式、钻孔取土、堆载、人工降水、地基部分加固、浸水等七种迫降纠倾法,并对其各自的适用范围和施工中应注意的问题进行了阐述,为既有建筑的纠倾工作提供了参考依据。     

弹性流体动力润滑中的粘度楔理论

经典的弹性流体动力润滑 (弹流 )理论体系已经较完善的建立 .然而在实验和理论研究中 ,一些同经典的弹流理论相悖的现象被证实 ,使非经典弹流粘度楔理论的建立成为必然 .介绍了粘度楔理论建立的学术背景 ,综述了国内外相关机构的研究成果 ,分析了当今粘度楔理论的几个研究要点     

开孔薄板过屈曲分析的边界元法

从开孔薄板大挠度问题的一般数学理论出发．建立了一组新型边界积分方程用以求解开孔薄板的临界载荷、过屈曲分析。并且从分支理论出发，对离散的边界积分方程进行了分析和求解。通过算例．计算了环形板在中面内受均匀推力．横向为简支、夹紧情况下的屈曲载荷以及过屈曲状态。与已知结果吻合良好．证明边界元法对开孔薄板后屈曲状态的分析是有效的。与区域型解法比较．具有处理的矩阵维数少．输入数据量少．计算时间短等优点。